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“国外机械工业的水平动向和展望”初稿一书是第一机械工业部技术情报所编的,曾在中国机械工程学会一九七八年学术年会上做过报告。本文有关资料是根据原书摘录的,现介绍如后。本文共分三部分:在国外机械工业水平部分,介绍了美、苏、日、西德、英、法等国机械工业的规模,生产能力,劳动生产率,发展速度等。在动向部分,介绍了第二次世界大战以后三十年,国外机械工业之所以能迅速发展并促进社会劳动生产率的普遍提高,主要得力于现代化的科学技术发展了大型化自动化的成套产品,发展了大型、精密、高效和特种制造能力,以及加强科学研究等。在展望部分,介绍了2000年前国外机械工业面临的社会经济要求。以及为满足这些要求可能采取的科学技术途径,包括能源、农业、生产工业化、新材料、新型交通运输手段、计算机与信息处理技术、环境保护、机械制造工艺与机械化自动化等。
The first draft of “The Horizontal Trend and Prospect of Foreign Machinery Industry” was compiled by the First Ministry of Machinery Industry Technical Intelligence and has been reported by China Mechanical Engineering Society at the 1978 Academic Annual Meeting. This article is based on the information extracted by the original book, is introduced as follows. This article is divided into three parts: In the foreign machinery industry level, introduced the scale of the machinery industry in the United States, the Soviet Union, Japan, West Germany, Britain, France and other countries, production capacity, labor productivity, development speed and so on. In the moving part, this paper introduces the thirty years after the Second World War. The reason why foreign machinery industry can rapidly develop and promote the general increase of social labor productivity is mainly due to the modernization of science and technology to develop large-scale and automated complete sets of products, and to develop Large, sophisticated, efficient and special manufacturing capabilities, as well as to strengthen scientific research. In the section of the prospect, the socio-economic requirements faced by foreign machinery industry before 2000 are introduced. As well as possible scientific and technological approaches to meet these requirements, including energy, agriculture, industrial production, new materials, new means of transport, computer and information processing technologies, environmental protection, machinery manufacturing processes and mechanized automation.