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分析了水文现象的随机性、非线性、确定性和相似性,在一定尺度范围内(如年内季节间)洪水表现出自相似性等分形特性,以此作为应用分形理论的论据.提出了用分形理论划分洪水分期的两种新途径:按时间尺度容量维和空间尺度相似维划分洪水分期,给出了两种分形维数测度具体步骤.并以漳河水库历年汛期日最大流量为研究系列样本,结果表明:无论是用容量维数途径,还是用相似维数途径划分的洪水分期一致,且与经验统计方法划分的洪水分期基本一致,但两种分形维数途径比经验统计方法划分洪水分期具有定量、客观计算简便等明显优点,有利于在生产实际中推广应用.
The randomness, nonlinearity, certainty and similarity of hydrological phenomena are analyzed, and the fractal characteristics such as the self-similarity of the flood show in a certain scale range (such as the inter-season seasons) are used as the arguments for the application of fractal theory. Two new ways to divide flood staging are as follows: Dividing the flood staging by the capacity scale and the spatial dimension similarity of time scale, and giving the concrete steps of measuring the two fractal dimensions.According to the daily maximum flow in the flood season of Zhanghe Reservoir as a series of samples, The results show that the flood staging method is consistent with the flood staging method divided by the method of capacity dimension and the flood water staging method, but the two fractal dimension ways are better than the empirical method Quantitative, objective and easy to calculate the obvious advantages, is conducive to the promotion of practical application.