论文部分内容阅读
研究结果表明,尿素配施牛厩肥、稀土、麦饭石、氯化钙和双氰胺时,水稻生物产量和谷物产量分别比单施尿素提高了2.3％～12.7％和1.6％～11.8％,其中以配施双氰胺和麦饭石的效果最为显著,氮利用效率与单施尿素(4.3kg谷物/kg施用氮)相比分别提高到10.7kg谷物/kg施用氮和12.5kg谷物/kg施用氮。~(15)N示踪结果表明,单施尿素时,水稻对尿素氮的利用率仅为20.6％,但配施牛厩肥、稀土、麦饭石、氯化钙、双氰胺时,尿素氮的利用率分别提高到25.9％,26.3％,24.0％,28.3％和37.9％,尿素的氮利用率提高了3.4％～7.3％。配施对尿素氮的残留和损失,尤其是气态损失有明显的效应,其中牛厩肥和稀土对尿素氮的残留的效果最为显著,分别占施用量的30.3％格27.3％。双氰胺能使尿素氮的损失大大降低,由单施尿素的57.7％降低到36.3％。试验结果还表明,虽然配施不同物质之间对土壤有效氮的变化的效应差异不明显,但是对土壤氮的损失和矿化则有显著的效应。配施牛厩肥和双氰胺时,土壤的矿化氮量显著减少,土壤氮损失也减少。
The results showed that the biomasses and grain yields of rice increased by 2.3% -12.7% and 1.6% -11.8%, respectively, compared with that of single application of urea when applied with barley manure, rare earth, maifanite, calcium chloride and dicyandiamide. Among them, dicyandiamide and maifanite were most effective. Nitrogen utilization efficiency increased to 10.7kg / kg and nitrogen application rate (12.5kg / kg) compared with urea application (4.3kg / kg) Nitrogen is applied. The results of ~ (15) N tracing showed that the urea utilization efficiency of rice was only 20.6% when using urea alone, but with the use of manure, rare earth, medical stone, calcium chloride and dicyandiamide, urea nitrogen The utilization rate of urea increased to 25.9%, 26.3%, 24.0%, 28.3% and 37.9% respectively, and the nitrogen utilization rate of urea increased by 3.4% -7.3%. The application of urea nitrogen has a significant effect on the residual and loss of urea nitrogen, especially the loss of gaseous nitrogen. Among them, the effect of urea nitrogen and residual manure on the residual nitrogen is the most significant, accounting for 27.3% of the applied amount of 30.3% respectively. Dicyandiamide can greatly reduce the loss of urea nitrogen, from 57.7% of urea alone to 36.3%. The experimental results also show that although there is no obvious difference in the effect of different substances on soil available nitrogen, there is a significant effect on soil nitrogen loss and mineralization. With the use of barley manure and dicyandiamide, the amount of mineralized nitrogen in the soil decreased significantly, and the soil nitrogen loss also decreased.