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为深入探讨草灌植被消减降雨侵蚀作用机理,提高其生态防护效益,2005～2008年,选择路基边坡不同土壤类型和草灌植被为研究对象,通过野外径流小区法和数据分析,探讨了边坡草灌植被消减降雨侵蚀作用机理。结果表明:(1)降雨侵蚀力被草灌植被消减效果得到量化,植被覆盖度越大,效果越好;(2)降雨侵蚀力R值与土壤流失量正相关,建立了二者幂函数关系式;(3)边坡植被保持水土效果:砂姜黑土:紫花苜蓿93.1%,高羊茅92.3%,紫穗槐91.8%,狗牙根88.0%,小叶扶芳藤77.9%;黄粘土:紫穗槐96.6%,紫花苜蓿95.8%,高羊茅95.4%,小叶扶芳藤94.6%,狗牙根89.1%;粉砂土:高羊茅91.8%,紫花苜蓿90.7%,狗牙根87.3%,紫穗槐84.2%,小叶扶芳藤82.4%。该成果对路基边坡生态防护具有实际指导作用和理论价值。
In order to further investigate the mechanism of grassland shrub deforestation and improve its ecological protection benefit, from 2005 to 2008, the different subsoil types and grassland irrigation were selected as the research object. Through the field runoff plot method and data analysis, Slope grass planting is reduced rainfall erosion mechanism. The results show that: (1) the rainfall erosivity is quantified by the grass planting and the effect is better; (2) The R value of rainfall erosivity is positively correlated with the soil loss, and the relationship between the two is established (3) Soil and water conservation effect of slope vegetation: Shajiang black soil: 93.1% of alfalfa, 92.3% of tall fescue, 91.8% of Amorpha fruticosa, 88.0% of Bermudagrass and 77.9% of Euonymus japonicus; yellow clay: purple ear 96.6% of alfalfa, 95.8% of alfalfa, 95.4% of tall fescue, 94.6% of Euonymus fortunei and 89.1% of bermudagrass; silt soil: 91.8% of tall fescue, 90.7% of alfalfa, 87.3% of Bermudagrass, 84.2%, Euonymus fortunei 82.4%. The results have practical guidance and theoretical value for ecological protection of roadbed slope.