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黑麦草Lolium是禾本科黑麦草属植物,其根系发达,在0～30cm的土层中,总根量(2505kghm-2)是小麦总根量(960kghm-2)的2.61倍,其根系富含磷、钾营养,长期施用既可以增加土壤氮素,也有利于土壤磷、钾含量的增加。黑麦草轮作中土壤有机质含量比小麦轮作高4.48%,土壤碱解氮和速效钾含量也分别高30.70%和41.37%,说明黑麦草根茬对增加土壤养分、培肥地力作用显著。与3%麦秸相比,施用黑麦草对形成各种形态腐殖质的作用均较大;与羊粪相比,施用相同水平的黑麦草对形成松结态腐殖质的作用更大,而对形成紧结态腐殖质的作用相当;与腐殖酸铵相比较,施用相同水平的黑麦草对形成松结态腐殖质的作用较小,而对形成紧结态腐殖质的作用则较大。施用不同水平的黑麦草比施用相应水平的羊粪和3%麦秸的原土复合度为高;但其原土复合量有高有低。与腐殖酸铵相比较,施用黑麦草有利于提高原土复合量,但对原土复合度的影响不大。
Lolium is a grassy ryegrass with developed root system. Total root biomass (2505kghm-2) is 2.61 times of total wheat root (960kghm-2) in 0 ~ 30cm soil layer, Phosphorus, potassium nutrition, long-term application can increase soil nitrogen, but also conducive to soil phosphorus and potassium content increased. Soil organic matter content in ryegrass rotation was 4.48% higher than that in wheat rotation, soil available nitrogen and available potassium were 30.70% and 41.37% higher, respectively, indicating that root system of ryegrass could significantly increase soil fertility and soil fertility. Compared with 3% wheat straw, the application of ryegrass to the formation of various forms of humus are larger; compared with sheep manure, the same level of ryegrass applied to the formation of loosely bound humus greater role, and the formation of tight knot The effect of humus was similar. Compared with ammonium humate, the application of the same level of ryegrass had less effect on the formation of loosely-ended humus and more on the formation of tight-junction humus. Compared with the corresponding level of sheep manure and 3% wheat straw, the application of different levels of ryegrass had a high level of native soil compaction, but the content of native soil compost was high and low. Compared with ammonium humate, the application of ryegrass was beneficial to increase the original soil compound content, but had little effect on the original compound degree.