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目的:探讨颈n 7神经切断后发生的脊髓中枢神经元逆行性退变中过磷酸化Tau蛋白的表达情况，为外周神经损伤后中枢神经元逆行性退变保护提供新思路。n 方法:将成年雌性SD大鼠36只随机分为3组（假手术组、切断组、切断+药物干预组），其中切断组和干预组的动物施行双侧颈n 7神经切断造模，干预组予每天腹腔注射1 mmol/kg氯化锂。2周、4周后取大鼠颈n 7节段脊髓，通过HE染色、流式细胞技术来分析神经细胞的凋亡情况，Western Blot分析Tau蛋白及相关蛋白表达水平。n 结果:HE染色及流式细胞学检测显示2周时切断组的细胞凋亡程度小于4周时的凋亡程度；Western Blot结果提示随着周数的增加，总Tau蛋白的量因颈n 7神经的切断而下降，磷酸化的Tau蛋白的量的比例上升，差异具有统计学意义。予氯化锂后，凋亡的程度及磷酸化的Tau蛋白的比例均发生下降，差异具有统计学意义。n 结论:Tau蛋白的过磷酸化机制存在于颈n 7神经切断术后发生的脊髓中枢神经元逆行性退变的过程中；氯化锂能减轻逆行性退变的程度。n “,”Objective:To explore the expression of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein in the retrograde degeneration of spinal central neurons after cervical 7 nerve transection, so as to provide a new idea for the protection of retrograde degeneration of central neurons after peripheral nerve injury.Methods:Thirty-six adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (sham operation group, transection group, transection+drug intervention group). The rats in transection group and transection+drug intervention group were treated with bilateral cervical 7 nerve cutting to make models, and the rats in transection+drug intervention group were treated with 1 mmol/kg lithium chloride intraperitoneally every day. After 2 and 4 weeks, the spinal cords of cervical 7 of the rats were taken, and the apoptosis of neurons was analyzed by HE staining and flow cytometry. The expression of Tau protein and related protein was analyzed by Western blot.Results:HE staining and flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic degree of the transection group at 2 weeks was less than that at 4 weeks. The resutls of Western blot showed that as time went on, the amount of total Tau protein decreased due to the transection of cervical 7 nerve, and the proportion of phosphorylated Tau protein increased. The difference was statistically significant. After lithium chloride administration, the degree of apoptosis and the proportion of phosphorylated Tau protein decreased significantly.Conclusion:The mechanism of Tau protein hyperphosphorylation lies in the process of retrograde degeneration of spinal cord central neurons after cervical 7 transection, and lithium chloride can reduce the degree of retrograde degeneration.