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流域水污染已经成为制约中国和谐社会构建的严重阻碍。流域生态系统的自然属性及流域管理的历史发展决定了流域水环境保护的制度构建必须着眼于流域整体生态系统。流域生态系统管理法是流域水环境保护的制度保障,其在可持续发展和科学发展观的指导下,以系统的、开放的、可持续的思维模式设计制度结构;其根本价值是保障流域整体利益的实现,是一部涵盖对流域生态系统有重大影响或潜在重大影响的流域自然、社会、经济各要素的综合法;其制度结构应该以水环境保护为基点,以流域生态系统整体安全为目标。具体包括流域生态阈值管制制度、流域产业发展制度、流域环境资源产权制度、流域生态补偿制度、流域生态保护基金制度、流域环境教育及培训制度、流域管理执法与实施保障制度、法律责任制度等。
Water pollution in the basin has become a serious obstacle to the construction of a harmonious society in China. The natural characteristics of basin ecosystem and the historical development of basin management determine that the system construction of basin water environment protection must focus on the overall ecosystem of the basin. The basin ecosystem management law is the system guarantee of water environment protection in the basin. Under the guidance of sustainable development and scientific outlook on development, the system management system of river basin is designed in a systematic, open and sustainable way of thinking. Its fundamental value is to protect the whole basin The realization of interests is a comprehensive law that covers all elements of the natural, social and economic elements of the basin that have a significant or potentially significant impact on the river basin ecosystems. Its institutional structure should be based on the protection of water environment and take the overall safety of the river basin ecosystems as aims. Specifically, it includes the basin ecological threshold control system, the basin industrial development system, the basin environmental resource property right system, the basin ecological compensation system, the basin ecological protection fund system, the basin environmental education and training system, the basin management law enforcement and implementation guarantee system and the legal liability system.