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企业文化的理论基础是什么?至今没有明确的定论。但对于日本是企业文化建设的典范,美国是企业文化理论的发源地,却是较为一致的看法。美国企业文化研究开始的标志,是1981年9月美国南加州大学奥图教授所著《未来的企业》一书的出版。作者在该书中指出,美国管理者不愿意客观地、深入地重新检讨他们的经营哲学,这可能是构成美国管理危机的因素。因此,未来企业必须重视企业文化。从此,企业文化成了热门的新概念。1981～1982年先后出版的《Z理论》、《企业文化》、《美国企业精神》等著作,逐步构成了企业文化的理论体系。什么是企业文化?哈佛大学的狄尔与甘乃迪合著的《企业文化》指出:“企业文化由价值观、神话、英雄和象征等凝聚而成,这些价值观、神话、英雄和象征对公司的员工具有重大意义。”威廉·大内在《Z理论》一书中指出:“一
What is the theoretical basis of corporate culture? There is no definitive conclusion so far. However, as Japan is a model of corporate culture construction, the United States is the birthplace of corporate culture theory, but it is a more consistent view. The beginning of the study of American corporate culture was the publication of the book “The Future of Business” written by Professor Otto of the University of Southern California in September 1981. In the book, the author points out that American managers are reluctant to objectively and in-depthly review their business philosophy. This may be a factor in the management crisis in the United States. Therefore, companies must pay attention to corporate culture in the future. Since then, corporate culture has become a hot new concept. From 1981 to 1982, his books such as “Z Theory”, “Corporate Culture”, and “American Corporate Spirit” were gradually published, gradually constituting the theoretical system of corporate culture. What is corporate culture? Corporate culture co-authored by Deere and Kennedy of Harvard University points out: “Corporate culture is a combination of values, myths, heroes, and symbols. These values, myths, heroes, and symbols have an impact on the company’s employees. Significant meaning.” William Dahl’s book “Z Theory” pointed out: “One