人类发展史是一部开拓的历史,矛盾是事物发展的动力;解决矛盾、进行开拓构成了社会发展的主旋律。如何将不相容问题转化为相容问题,找出不相容问题的内在机制,是一个极为重要的课题。客观世界中,一切事物都存在着质与量的辩证统一,经典数学研究客观事物的数量关系和空间形式,这在一定条件下有广泛的适用性,但解决矛盾既要考虑质的变换又要考虑量的变换,如何从定性和定量两方面比较全面地研究事物,这一问题一直困扰着人们。由广东工业大学蔡文教授创立的可拓学,正是以不相容问题为研究中心,用矛盾可化为相容的基本思想,从形式化角度去研究矛盾的变化,揭示研究对象之所以产生矛盾的内在机制及其相互转化的规律与契机的一门新学科。可拓学理论的支柱是物无理论和可拓集合理论,其逻辑细胞则是物元。可拓学引入了把质与量有机结合起来的物元概念,即以事物、特征及事物关于该特 The history of human development is a pioneering history. Contradictions are the motive force for the development of things. Solving conflicts and opening up constitute the main theme of social development. How to translate incompatible issues into compatible issues and find out the intrinsic mechanism of incompatible issues is an extremely important issue. In the objective world, all things exist in the dialectical unity of quality and quantity. The classical mathematics studies the quantitative relationship and spatial form of objective things, which has a wide range of applicability under certain conditions. However, to solve the contradictions, it is necessary to consider both the qualitative changes Considering the change of quantity, how to study things more comprehensively both qualitatively and quantitatively has always plagued people. The extenics, founded by Professor Cai Wen from Guangdong University of Technology, is based on the issue of incompatibility. With contradictions becoming the basic idea of ​​compatibility, we can study the changes of contradictions from a formal perspective and reveal the reason why the research object A new discipline that produces the inherent mechanism of contradictions and the rules and opportunities of mutual transformation. The pillars of extenics theory are the theory of matter-free and the theory of extension, the logic cells of which are the matter-element. Extenics introduced the concept of matter-element, which combines the quality and quantity organically, that is, the thing, the feature and the thing about the special