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采用铝粉和结晶氯化铝作为铝源,分别加入硅溶胶、硅溶胶与纳米氧化硅(7 nm、15 nm)的混合物作为硅源,采用溶胶-凝胶法,制备莫来石纤维。研究了不同硅源对莫来石前驱体溶胶纺丝性能、并对纤维晶化温度和结构的影响。结果表明加入纳米氧化硅后,溶胶纺丝性能下降;全部加硅溶胶制备的溶胶,纺丝性能最好,凝胶纤维长度大于500 cm。不同硅源凝胶纤维,在1200℃煅烧后主要物相为莫来石。加入纳米氧化硅(7 nm和15 nm)的试样,在1600℃煅烧后,有硅线石生成。加入纳米二氧化硅为硅源,纤维致密度明显增高,晶粒得到细化,孔隙率降低。
Adopting aluminum powder and crystal aluminum chloride as aluminum source, a mixture of silica sol, silica sol and nanosilica (7 nm, 15 nm) was added as the silicon source, and the sol-gel method was used to prepare the mullite fiber. The effects of different silica sources on the sol spinning performance of mullite precursors and the influence on the crystallization temperature and structure of the fibers were investigated. The results showed that the sol spinning performance decreased with the addition of nano-silica. The sol prepared with all the silica sol had the best spinning performance and the length of the gel fiber was more than 500 cm. Different silica gel fibers, after calcination at 1200 ℃, the main phase is mullite. A sample of nanosilica (7 nm and 15 nm) was added and sillimanite was formed after calcination at 1600 ° C. Adding nano-silica as a silicon source, the fiber density was significantly increased, the grain was refined, the porosity decreased.