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目的提高舌下神经鞘瘤的诊治水平。方法报告４例病人的临床表现、诊断和手术结果，并复习文献。结果４例均有典型的病侧舌肌萎缩，Ｘ线断层摄像可见病侧舌下神经管扩大，ＭＲＩ可清晰显示肿瘤及其与周围结构的关系。４例分别经乙状窦后、枕下极外侧和颈部入路手术，３例肿瘤全切，１例大部切除。结论舌下神经鞘瘤罕见。按肿瘤累及范围，可分为颅内型、颅外型、颅内－外哑铃型和管内型四种。根据分型选择恰当的手术入路，肿瘤多能全切。
Objective To improve diagnosis and treatment of hypoglossal schwannoma. Methods Four patients were reported for clinical presentation, diagnosis and surgical outcome, and review of the literature. Results All the 4 cases had typical atrophy of tongue lesion. X - ray tomography showed the expansion of sublingual neural tube. The MRI showed clearly the relationship between the tumor and the surrounding structure. 4 cases were respectively sigmoid sinus, suboccipital lateral pole and neck surgery, 3 cases of total tumor resection, 1 case of most resection. Conclusion Sublingual schwannoma is rare. By tumor coverage, can be divided into intracranial, extracranial, intracranial - external dumbbell type and tube type four. According to the appropriate choice of surgical approach, the tumor can cut more.