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图森市位于美国亚利桑那州南部,具有百余年的悠久历史,城市中建筑风格体现了当时西班牙、墨西哥及维多利亚等多种风格。图森市市中心在上世纪城市更新中几乎被推倒后重建,但其历史性居民区得以幸免因而成为历史保护的重点。自国民信托成立以来,历史保护法案逐步建立起完善的开发标准和建筑审查制度来平衡历史保护和更新。立足于这一案例,从历史街区风貌的整体保护,到历史建筑的节能改造,再到区域环境的三个层次系统地分析了图森市历史保护的发展脉络;对保护体系、保护对象选择的标准、保护视野三个方面的特点进行剖析。最后总结出图森市历史保护对我国相关实践提供的借鉴意义。
Tucson, located in the southern Arizona, USA, has a long history of more than a hundred years. The architectural style in the city reflects the various styles of Spain, Mexico and Victoria at that time. Tucson city center was rebuilt after almost being overthrown in the urban renewal of the last century, but its historic neighborhood was spared and thus became the focus of historical preservation. Since the establishment of the National Trust, the History Protection Bill has gradually established a sound development standard and a building review system to balance historical protection and renewal. Based on this case, this paper systematically analyzes the development context of historical protection in Tucson from the overall protection of the style of historical district to the energy-saving renovation of historical buildings and the three levels of regional environment; and analyzes the selection of protection system and object of protection Standard, three aspects of protection of the characteristics of perspective. Finally, it summarizes the historical significance of the historical protection of Tucson to our country.