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目的探讨清洗消毒对城市公交传染病流行的预防作用。方法 2016年8—11月随机抽查南阳市5条公交线路在线运营的15辆公交车,分3个时间段进行污染状况调查。从中选择5辆公交车间隔相同天数分别采取不同的消毒方法于当天营运结束后进行消毒,消毒后采样。检测细菌总数、大肠菌群和致病菌。计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果吊环拉手、横(竖)扶手杆和座椅靠背扶手细菌总数和大肠菌群合格率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。中班车辆车内扶手细菌总数和大肠菌群合格率(31.5%、35.4%)均最低(均P<0.05)。乘车前后细菌总数和大肠菌群合格率(80.2%、54.7%,90.1%、67.4%)比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。消毒后细菌总数和大肠菌群两项指标合格率均提高,3种方法比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。清洗消毒前样本合格率为49.1%;采用自来水擦洗后合格率为76.0%,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。清洗消毒车辆运行1 d后大肠菌群检测合格率为56.0%,合格率降低(P<0.05)。结论加强对公交车辆车内手扶部位经常性消毒刻不容缓,应尽快修订相关法律法规,依法强制消毒。
Objective To explore the preventive effect of cleaning and disinfection on the epidemic of urban public transfusion diseases. Methods From August to November in 2016, 15 buses operated on-line by 5 bus routes in Nanyang were randomly selected and investigated for pollution status in 3 time periods. Five buses from the same number of days to choose the same number of days to take different methods of disinfection in the day after the end of operation disinfection, disinfection after sampling. Total bacteria, coliforms and pathogens were detected. Count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results There were significant differences in the total bacterial count and the coliform passing rate between the grab handles, the horizontal (vertical) handrails and the seat backrest armrests (all P <0.05). The total number of bacteria and the coliform passing rate (31.5%, 35.4%) in the handrails of mid-size vehicles were the lowest (all P <0.05). The total number of bacteria and passing rate of coliform bacteria (80.2%, 54.7%, 90.1%, 67.4%) before and after driving were significantly different (all P <0.05). After disinfection the total number of bacteria and coliform bacteria two indicators pass rate were increased, the three methods were statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The sample passing rate before cleaning and disinfection was 49.1%; the pass rate after scrubbing with tap water was 76.0%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The passing rate of coliform bacteria after cleaning and disinfecting vehicles run for 1 day was 56.0%, the passing rate was lower (P <0.05). Conclusion It is urgent to strengthen the regular disinfection of the hand-held parts in the bus. The relevant laws and regulations should be amended as soon as possible, and disinfection should be compulsory according to law.