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《村民自治组织法（试行）》规定：年满１８周岁的村民，不分民族、种族、性别、职业、家庭出身、宗教信仰、教育程度、财产状况、居住期限，都有选举权与被选举权，然而在村民自治的实践中村民权利并没有完全得到切实的实现。本文从权利实现主体角度出发，探讨了村民权利虚化的基本特征，即被动性、依赖性和不平等性；透视了村民自治中村民权利虚化的原因，即小农主导型经济——权利实现的物质基础不足、伦理主导型法律——权利实现的保障机制欠缺、宗族主导型组织——权利实现的机构载体软弱。笔者最后提出村民权利实现的对策，即发展商品经济、加强法治建设和完善组织体制，以更好地发展和完善村民自治
The Law of the Villagers’ Autonomous Organization (Trial Implementation) stipulates: Villagers over the age of 18 shall have the right to vote and stand for election regardless of ethnicity, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, educational level, property status, However, the villagers’ rights have not been fully realized in the practice of villager autonomy. This paper explores the basic characteristics of the villagers ’rights virtualization, that is, passivity, dependence and inequality from the perspective of the main body of rights realization. It also analyzes the reasons why the rights of villagers in the villagers’ Lack of material basis, ethical dominance law - lack of guarantee mechanism for the realization of rights, weak organization carrier of the lineage-led organization-rights realization. Finally, the author puts forward the countermeasures of realizing the rights of villagers, that is, developing the commodity economy, strengthening the construction of the rule of law and perfecting the organizational system in order to better develop and improve the villagers’ autonomy