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将表面消毒的三倍体无籽西瓜种子,置于(石至)石为支撑物只含 MS 大量元素成分的培养基中发芽,苗龄13～20天,切下连带子叶的顶尖接入 MS+2,4-D0.01+KTI 的培养基中,可以良好生长,但最好的培养基是 MS+2,4-D0.01+NAA0.01+BA0.3,当 BA 改用 KT 时,试管苗可以大量生根。平均每20天可以繁殖一代,繁殖系数达到“5”。已经连续培养一年,尚未见衰退现象,以长胡芦为砧木,用顶插法进行西瓜试管苗嫁接,成活后直接移入田间,可以解决移植成活问题,具有抗病、管理方便等优点。三倍体无籽西瓜,不仅无籽,而且含糖量比一般普通西瓜高3～4%,甜蜜爽口,所以是西瓜品种中的“珍品”。但是由于四培体与二培体西瓜杂交而来的三倍体西瓜种子,不仅制种麻烦,而且产量低,发芽率低,成苗率低,又畸形苗多等“三低一多”的问题,致使“珍品”在市场上少见。世界上也只限西瓜主要生产国的日本、中国推广种植。(1)试图通过组织培养的方法进行三倍体西瓜的快速繁殖,1979年以来已有报道。(2)(3)但一直未见应用于生产,只停留在试管苗阶段,其中主要原因是试管苗移植未能成活,至今所发表的此类文章也未见有成活结瓜的报道。(指试管苗)据联合国粮农组织1979年统计,世界水果总产量中,西瓜占第四位,仅次于葡萄、柑桔与香蕉。据我省厦门口岸资料,西瓜也是我区一大宗主要出口水果。但在东南亚及港沃市场上都比不上台湾无籽西瓜。大陆条件优越,理应占据优势,有必要作这方面的深入研究,占领市场多创外汇。本研究的主要目的是克服无籽西瓜生产中存在的“三低一多”现象,进行生产性应用及工厂化生产苗木可能性的探索。
The surface sterilized triploid seedless watermelon seeds, placed in (stone to) stone as a support material containing MS a large number of elemental medium germination, seedling age 13 to 20 days, the top cut cotyledon access MS +2,4-D0.01 + KTI, the best growth medium was MS + 2,4-D0.01 + NAA0.01 + BA0.3. When BA was switched to KT Test tube seedlings can be a large number of roots. An average of 20 days can reproduce a generation, breeding coefficient of “5”. Has been continuously cultivated for one year, yet to see the recession, the long-Hu as the rootstock, the top-inserted method of grafted watermelon test tube grafted directly into the field after surviving, can solve the problem of graft survival, with disease resistance, easy management and so on. Triploid seedless watermelon, not only seedless, but sugar content than the average ordinary watermelon 3 to 4%, sweet and refreshing, it is the “treasures” of watermelon varieties. However, the triploid watermelon seeds derived from the cross between the four cultivars and the two cultivated watermelons are not only troublesome to produce, but also have low yield, low germination rate, low seedling emergence rate, Problems, resulting in “rare” rare in the market. The world is also limited to Japan, China, the main producer of watermelon to promote cultivation. (1) The rapid propagation of triploid watermelon by means of tissue culture has been reported since 1979. (2) (3) But it has not been applied to the production, only stay in the test tube seedling stage, the main reason is that the in vitro seedling transplantation has not survived. So far published articles of this article have not been reported to survive. (Refers to test tube seedlings) According to the statistics of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization in 1979, the world’s total output of fruits and vegetables ranks fourth after grapevines, citrus and bananas. According to the data of Xiamen Port in our province, watermelon is also a major export fruit of our region. But in Southeast Asia and Hong Kong fertile market are inferior to Taiwan’s seedless watermelon. With favorable conditions in the Mainland, it should occupy an advantage. It is necessary to make further studies in this respect and to occupy the market to create more foreign exchange. The main purpose of this study is to overcome the “three low and one more” phenomenon in the production of seedless watermelon, to explore the possibility of productive application and factory production of seedlings.