对南京医科大学附属儿童医院诊治的1例n PIK3R1基因突变致SHORT综合征患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。患儿，女，11岁5个月，因“多食、多饮、多尿2个月”就诊。查体：面部脂肪少、三角脸、眼睛深陷、宽鼻梁、鼻翼小、鼻部下端小柱状低垂、嘴角下垂，颈部、腋下、肘窝、腘窝及腹股沟皮肤呈黑棘皮样皮肤改变及双肘轻度外翻、伸展过度。实验室检查提示胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病。全外显子组基因测序发现患儿携带n PIK3R1基因杂合突变(c.1945C>T，p.Arg649Trp)。SHORT综合征为罕见的常染色体显性遗传病，以特征性面容、脂肪萎缩及胰岛素抵抗为临床特点，检测n PIK3R1基因有助于诊断。SHORT综合征的诊治需要多学科管理，而早期诊断可减少并发症发生和减轻家庭负担。n “,”The clinical data of a child with SHORT syndrome caused by n PIK3R1 gene mutation in Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University was retrospectively analyzed.The patient was a 11 years old and 5 months Chinese girl initially hospitalized due to polyuria, polyphagia and polydipsia in the past 2 months.Physical examination showed decreased subcutaneous fat on the face, a triangular-shaped face, ocular depression, a wide nose bridge, hypoplastic nasal alae, columnar depression in the low part of the nose, downturned lips, hyperpigmentation of the skin of the neck, axillae, cubital and popliteal fossae and groins (acanthosis nigricans). Besides, slight cubitus valgus and hyperextension were observed.Laboratory tests showed diabetes mellitus with insulin resistance.Whole exome sequencing identified a n de novo heterozygous n PIK3R1 mutation (c.1945C>T, p.Arg649Trp), SHORT syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by special facial appearance, lipodystrophy and insulin resistance.Molecular analysis of then PIK3R1 gene permits confirmation of the diagnosis.The patients with SHORT syndrome require multidisciplinary management, and early diagnosis can prevent complications and reduce the burden on the family.n