提出了一种探测仿真混凝土结构内部损伤的压电波动传感方法,并通过仿真混凝土梁的构件试验对其有效性进行了验证。将压电传感器埋置在仿真混凝土梁中,采用正弦线性扫频激励来驱动特定位置的压电陶瓷传感器,将其他位置的压电传感器作为探头接受弹性波信号,实现对仿真混凝土构件的损伤检测。试验中,分别对完好和不同损伤程度下的仿真混凝土梁进行扫描,通过对接收信号的时域、频域和小波变换分析,识别仿真混凝土梁损伤的出现和发展。结果表明:在仿真混凝土梁中一定传播距离内,信号幅值变化、频率偏移和基于小波包分析的损伤指数对构件的损伤十分敏感,这些数据的变化趋势可以有效地反映构件的损伤程度,可将这类压电传感器用于混凝土坝动力模型试验的损伤监测研究。 A piezoelectric wave sensing method is proposed to detect the internal damage of the concrete structure. The effectiveness of the concrete beam is verified through the component test of the concrete beam. Piezoelectric sensors embedded in the simulation of concrete beams, the use of sinusoidal linear frequency sweep excitation to drive a specific position of the piezoelectric ceramic sensors, piezoelectric sensors in other locations as the probe to receive elastic wave signals to achieve the simulation of concrete structures damage detection . In the experiment, the simulated concrete beams with intact and different degrees of damage were scanned respectively. The appearance and development of the damage of the simulated concrete beams were identified by analyzing the time-domain, frequency-domain and wavelet transform of the received signals. The results show that the signal amplitude, the frequency offset and the damage index based on wavelet packet analysis are very sensitive to the component damage within a certain propagation distance in the simulated concrete beam. The trend of these data can effectively reflect the damage degree of the component, Such piezoelectric sensors can be used to study the damage monitoring of concrete dam dynamic model test.