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墨家兼爱原则有深刻的社会根源和特殊的伦理传统。从马克斯·韦伯的“邻人共同体”理论观照墨家伦理思想,可以看出兼爱原则是对传统社会邻人援助伦理的改造与提升,是墨家对地缘结合的社会建立伦理秩序的一次尝试。由于兼爱原则不同于血缘宗法社会及其制下的家庭伦理,因而具有功利主义、对等互报和平等精神等独特的伦理特征。这对认识墨家兼爱原则在伦理思想史上的理论价值和当代社会中的现实价值,有新的启发意义。
Mohist love principle has a profound social roots and a special ethical tradition. From Max Weber’s theory of “neighbors” to the Mohism ethics, we can see that the principle of loving one’s love is the reform and promotion of the aid ethics of the neighbors in the traditional society, and it is an attempt by Mohism to establish ethical order in the society with geography . Since the principle of loving-kindness is different from the patriarchal clan society and its family ethics, it has unique ethical features such as utilitarianism, reciprocal reporting and equality. This is of new inspiration to the realization of the theoretical value of the Moai and the love principle in the history of ethics and the real values in contemporary society.