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行政督察专员制度是南京政府于20世纪30年代初所创设、后逐渐在国共各治区推行和实施的地方层级制度,对当代中国地方政府制度也产生重要影响。该制在民国时期随着国内局势的重大变化,在抗战以前、抗战时期和抗战胜利以后,相继发生了相应的变迁,在国共各治区也有不同的特征和命运。在行政督察专员制创设和演变的过程中,也不应忽视其与学术界流行的相关知识、观念的关联。
The system of chief inspectors and commissioners was a local-level system that was founded by the Nanjing government in the early 1930s and gradually introduced and implemented in all the regions of the country. It also exerted a significant influence on the system of local government in contemporary China. In the period of the Republic of China, with the great changes in the domestic situation, corresponding changes took place successively before the Anti-Japanese War, during the Anti-Japanese War and after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. They also had different characteristics and destinies in the various regions of the Kuomintang and Communist Party. In the course of the creation and evolution of the chief inspector system, we should not neglect its connection with the popular knowledge and concepts in academia.