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新疆库木吐喇石窟窟群区第15、16与17窟是位于窟群区内谷南区中间靠近地面的一组中心柱窟,三窟共用同一前室,形成一组“品”字形三佛堂组合。其中,16窟位于中间,其前室南侧为15窟,北侧为17窟。这种以三个中心柱窟组成的“品”字形三佛堂组合,在龟兹石窟寺遗址中仅见。三窟内塑像不存,壁画在20世纪初年被切剥流失海外,根据德国柏林亚洲艺术博物馆馆藏壁画资料,知原壁画为唐朝风格。本文利用德国柏林亚洲艺术博物馆提供的馆藏壁画资料,以及德国、法国探险队于20世纪初年在库木吐喇石窟拍摄的历史照片资料,并结合前人的记录与研究,对库木吐喇第16窟主室南壁《观无量寿经变》壁画图像进行复位与识读。此外,还通过与敦煌英高窟唐代《观无量寿经变》壁画进行比对,分析库木吐喇第16窟唐代《观无量寿经变》壁画图像的特点,及其与敦煌唐代壁画图本的联系。
Xinjiang Tuotu Caves Grottoes Cave Group 15,16 and 17 Grottoes is located in the area south of the valley area near the ground a group of central potholes, three caves share the same front room, forming a group of Fonts three temples combination. Among them, 16 Cave is located in the middle of its front chamber south of 15 caves, north of 17 caves. This kind of three central column grottoes composed of “product ” glyphs three Buddhist temple combination, only in the site of the Kucha cave temple. Three cave statue does not exist, murals in the early 20th century was cut off the loss of overseas, according to Berlin, Germany Museum of Asian Art collection of murals, Zhili original murals for the Tang style. This article makes use of the collection of murals provided by the Asian Art Museum in Berlin, Germany and the historical photographs taken by the expeditions of Germany and France in the Tuotupala Grottoes at the beginning of the 20th century. Combining with previous records and researches, The 16th Cave main wall south wall “concept of immeasurable Shoujing” fresco image reset and read. In addition, through the comparison with Dunhuang Yinggoku Grottoes Tang Dynasty “concept of immeasurable life and metamorphosis” mural comparison, analysis of the Tanggutu 16th Tang Dynasty Tang Dynasty “concept of immeasurable life variation” murals of the image characteristics, and its relationship with Dunhuang On behalf of the murals of the book.