我国古代官员选拔制度多样,包括世袭制、军功制、察举制、科举制等。本文拟从新制度经济学的角度分析古代官员选拔制度变迁的动因、方式等。阐述了官员选拔制度变迁的必然性,表明制度的建设是一个长期的过程。希望对现行的公务员制度有所启示。 The selection system of ancient officials in our country varied, including the hereditary system, the military system, the inspection system, the imperial examination system. This article intends to analyze the motivation and mode of the vicissitudes of ancient official selection system from the perspective of new institutional economics. Expounds the inevitability of the vicissitude of official selection system and shows that the construction of the system is a long-term process. I hope we can give some inspiration to the current civil service system.