论文部分内容阅读
目的观察和评价个体化膳食指导在妊娠中的效果和价值,以期筛选一种合理的健康干预方案改善妊娠结局、提高分娩质量等。方法收集本院156例孕妇予以个体化膳食指导作为试验组,另外再选取150例进行常规围产保健且未予以特殊膳食指导的孕妇进行对比观察(对照组);其中试验组采取专业人员讲解妊娠基础知识、膳食搭配、胎教知识和分娩知识以及根据孕妇具体情况采取相应个体化膳食指导;对照组则采取常规体检措施,未予以特殊膳食指导;由专人对两组孕妇妊娠期并发症、妊娠结局、分娩方式和新生儿结局予以观察和统计对比。结果试验组妊娠期孕妇体质量增长、妊高症、糖尿病(和糖耐量受损)及缺铁性贫血相关并发症发生率、产后出血率低于对照组(P<0.05),且试验组分娩方式以阴道分娩为主、其剖宫产发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),同时试验组巨大儿、低体质量儿发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05),两组新生儿窒息和死亡率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论个体化膳食指导在妊娠中应用效果满意,能有效控制母婴体质量、降低妊娠并发症、改善母婴结局,为临床健康干预提供了新思路、新方案,值得推广。
Objective To observe and evaluate the effect and value of individualized dietary guidance in pregnancy in order to screen a reasonable health intervention program to improve pregnancy outcomes and improve the quality of childbirth. Methods A total of 156 pregnant women in our hospital were enrolled in this study. Individualized dietary guidance was used as the experimental group. Another 150 pregnant women who underwent routine perinatal care without any special dietary guidance were selected as the control group (control group). Among them, Basic knowledge, diet, prenatal care knowledge and childbirth knowledge and the corresponding individualized dietary guidance according to the specific situation of pregnant women; the control group take the routine physical examination measures, without special dietary guidance; by hand on the pregnancy complications, pregnancy outcome , Mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes were observed and compared statistically. Results Pregnant women in pregnancy group had increased body mass, pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes mellitus (with impaired glucose tolerance) and incidence of complications related to iron deficiency anemia. The postpartum hemorrhage rate was lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P <0.05) The incidence of cesarean section was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of macrosomia and low birth weight children in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). Neonates There was no significant difference between asphyxia and death rate (P> 0.05). Conclusion Individualized dietary guidance can be used satisfactorily in pregnancy, which can effectively control the quality of mother and infant, reduce the complications of pregnancy and improve the outcome of maternal and infant. It provides new ideas and new programs for clinical intervention and is worth promoting.