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中国是世界上第三大冻土国,在青藏高原和东北大兴安岭地区分布着大片的多年冻土区,并有较好的天然气水合物形成条件和找矿前景。20世纪90年代末就有部分科研人员开展了中国冻土区天然气水合物形成条件和分布预测的研究工作。2002年开始,中国地质调查局先后设立了5个地质调查项目,对中国冻土区开展了地质、地球物理、地球化学和遥感调查工作,并在祁连山冻土区成功地钻获了天然气水合物实物样品,取得了找矿工作的重大突破,使中国成为世界上既有陆地水合物也有海底水合物的少数几个国家之一。目前中国冻土区天然气水合物研究中仍存在着调查研究程度较低、技术装备落后、未开展试生产研究等问题。随着国家对天然气水合物重视程度的加强,中国冻土区天然气水合物的调查研究进程将会进一步加快,并有可能在不久的将来实现试生产。
China is the third largest country of frozen soil in the world. Large areas of permafrost are distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Greater Hinggan Mountains in the northeastern part of the country. China has good gas hydrate formation conditions and prospecting prospects. In the late 1990s, some researchers carried out research work on the formation conditions and distribution prediction of natural gas hydrate in the permafrost regions of China. Since 2002, the China Geological Survey has successively set up 5 geological survey projects to carry out geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing surveys of the permafrost regions in China and successfully obtained natural gas hydrates in the permafrost regions of Qilian Mountains Physical samples have made major breakthroughs in prospecting and have made China one of the few countries in the world that has both land and sea hydrates. At present, there are still some problems in the study of natural gas hydrate in the permafrost regions such as the low degree of investigation and study, the backward technology and equipment, and the unmanufactured trial production. As countries pay more attention to gas hydrates, the process of investigation and research on natural gas hydrate in the permafrost regions will be further accelerated and it is possible to realize trial production in the near future.