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Purpose To observe the effect of acupuncture on gnosia and acetylcholinesterase in patients with senile dementia. Methods Eight patients diagnosed with mild or moderate senile dementia were treated by acupuncture of Sishencong ( Ex-HN 1 ), Shenmen ( HT 7) and Taixi ( KI 3) for I month; gnosia was evaluated by Mini-mental state examination before and after the treatment; plasma acetylcholin esterase activity was measured by flourier before and after the treatment. Results There was a significant difference in gnosia between pre- and post--treatment with acupuncture (P＜0.01); there was no significant difference in acetyl- cholinesterase activity between pre- and posttreatment ( P＞0.05 ). Conclusion Acupuncture has a certain improving effect on gnosia in senile dementia;one months acupuncture treatment had little effect on plasma acetyl-cholinesterase activity.