１ 前言 纳米材料自诞生以来所取得的成就及对名个领域的影响和渗透一直引人注目[１]。诺贝尔奖获得者罗雷尔曾说过：７０年代重视微米技术的国家如今都已成为发达国家，现在重视纳米技术的国家必将成为下一世纪先进的国家。进入９０年代，纳米材料研究的内涵不断扩大，领域逐 1 Introduction The achievements made since the birth of nanomaterials and the infiltration and influence on a number of fields have drawn much attention [1]. Nobel Prize Laureate Lorel once said: The countries that emphasized micron technology in the 1970s are now becoming developed countries. Now that countries that attach importance to nanotechnology will surely become an advanced country in the next century. Into the 90’s, the connotation of nano-materials continue to expand, the field by