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大豆种子蛋白的11S/7S比值与大豆蛋白的营养品质和加工品质密切相关。本实验以205份微核心种质和248份育成品种为材料,利用SDS-PAGE电泳分离11S球蛋白和7S伴球蛋白的各亚基,通过Gel-pro analysis 4.5软件计算11S和7S的相对含量以及11S/7S比值。结果表明,参试品种的l1S和7S的含量呈极显著负相关(r=-0.32,p<0.01),微核心种质和育成品种11S/7S比值范围分别为0.55~4.95和0.74~2.61,平均值均为1.56,变异系数分别为0.24%和0.19%。在参试材料中,没有检测到蛋白亚基缺失的材料,但在微核心种质与育成品种中筛选出β和A3亚基含量低的材料,其中,β低含量材料所占比例分别为9.3%和16.5%,A3低含量率分别为1.5%和0,说明微核心种质的11S/7S比值变异大于育成品种。通过比较发现,微核心种质中的南方大豆在所有参试大豆中11S/7S平均值最高,黄淮夏大豆在所有参试大豆中11S/7S平均值最低。研究结果表明,微核心种质比育成品种具有更丰富的遗传多样性,是鉴定优异资源的重要物质基础。
The 11S / 7S ratio of soybean seed protein is closely related to the nutritional quality and processing quality of soybean protein. In this study, 205 micro-core germplasm and 248 breeding varieties were used as materials, the 11S globulin and 7S conglycinin subunits were separated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, and the relative content of 11S and 7S was calculated by Gel-pro analysis 4.5 software As well as 11S / 7S ratio. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the contents of l1S and 7S (r = -0.32, p <0.01), the ratios of 11S / 7S between micro-core and bred varieties were 0.55-4.95 and 0.74-2.61, The average values were 1.56 and the coefficients of variation were 0.24% and 0.19% respectively. Among the tested materials, no material with missing protein subunits was detected, but materials with low contents of β and A3 subtypes were screened among the micro-core germ and bred cultivars, and the proportion of low-content β materials was 9.3 % And 16.5%, A3 low content of 1.5% and 0, respectively, indicating that the 11S / 7S ratio of micro-core collection germplasm is greater than that of bred varieties. By comparison, the average of 11S / 7S was the highest in all the tested soybean and the lowest in 11S / 7S of all the soybean tested. The results showed that the micro-core germplasm has more abundant genetic diversity than the cultivated varieties, which is an important material basis for identifying excellent resources.