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从碳源、氮源、酸碱度及生长温度等方面对引起马铃薯干腐病的硫色镰孢Fusarium sulphureum的生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明,该病原菌在不同发育阶段对营养和环境条件的要求存在差异。在固体培养基上,菌落生长最佳碳源为葡萄糖、麦芽糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨,pH8为最佳;在液体培养基中,菌丝体生长以麦芽糖为最佳碳源,以硝酸钠为最佳氮源,pH6为最佳;在分生孢子萌发阶段,在以羧甲基纤维素钠、蛋白胨和谷氨酸为碳、氮源的营养液中,分生孢子萌发率最高,最适pH6-8。该病菌最适生长温度为25℃,分生孢子致死温度为50℃10min。
The biological characteristics of Fusarium sulphureum, a disease causing potato dry rot, were studied from aspects of carbon source, nitrogen source, pH value and growth temperature. The results showed that the pathogen in different developmental stages of the nutritional and environmental conditions are different requirements. On solid medium, the best carbon source for colony growth was glucose and maltose, the best nitrogen source was peptone, pH8 was the best. In liquid medium, mycelium grew with maltose as the best carbon source and sodium nitrate As the best nitrogen source, pH6 was the best. At conidium germination stage, conidial germination rate was the highest in the nutrient solution with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, peptone and glutamic acid as carbon and nitrogen sources, Suitable pH6-8. The optimum growth temperature of the bacteria is 25 ℃, the lethal temperature of conidia is 50 ℃ 10min.