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以英国社会人类学而闻名于世的这一学派有着二元性的理论根据。其一是对于早期古典进化论者的批判;其二是对于一些被视为源于法国社会学思想家迪尔凯姆的理论的接受。英国社会人类学学派对于摩尔根、泰勒等进化论学者的批判,较之博厄斯的类似批判在理论性上要逊色得多,而这种批判则主要是由 B·马利诺夫斯基及其弟子们所作的。马利诺夫斯基对于古典进化论的批判主要是方法论上的。他认为那些前辈人类学家们所作的进化
The school well-known for British social anthropology has a dualistic theoretical basis. One is the critique of early classical evolutionists and the second is the acceptance of some theories that are seen as the result of Durkheim, a French sociological thinker. British sociological anthropology critique of evolutionists such as Morgan and Taylor is far less theoretical in nature than similar criticisms by Boas. Criticism is mainly composed of B. Malinowski and What his disciples did. Malinowski’s criticism of classical evolutionism is mainly methodological. He thinks the evolution made by the older anthropologists