六、旋律组合能力的修养 古琴记谱的文字,是用文字的偏旁部首把一句或多句的文字组成一个谱字,通称为减字谱。不认识的人称它为“有字天书”。这种减字谱记谱的特点能够包含指法、音位、相对节拍三种含意,是世界上独有的一种记谱方法。音位、指法是有形、有规范可以照谱练习的掌握,相对节拍其灵活性比较大,无一定规范,不可能看谱成曲,必须经过再创作过程或由老师传教。清朝张鹤著的《琴学入门》已开始注有简单的节拍,比古谱已有进步,近代出版的《古琴曲谱》等已注有较完整的节拍。但是由于古琴指法复杂,表现力丰富,细微的音韵和伸延的变化,微分音多 Sixth, the ability to cultivate the combination of melody Guqin notation of the text, is the radical of the first radical of one or more sentences form a spectrum word, commonly known as reduced spectrum. People who do not know it as “word book.” The characteristics of this reduced-spectrum notation spectrum can contain three meanings of fingering, phoneme and relative tempo, and is a unique method of notation in the world. Phonetics, fingering is tangible, norms can practice spectrum mastering, relative to the beat of its flexibility is relatively large, there is no certain standard, it is impossible to see the spectrum of music, must be re-creative process or preaching by the teacher. Qing Dynasty Zhang He’s “Introduction to Qin Learning” has begun to note a simple beat, than the ancient spectrum has been progress, the recent publication of “Guqin music scores” have been annotated with more complete beat. However, because Guqin fingering is complex, expressive, subtle phonological and extension changes, differential tone