概括明人审美风尚的特点,可谓之:思想大解放,视野大开阔,艺术大融和,趣味大收获。具体来说,明代审美风尚在文学、艺术、工艺、文化(此处为狭义,包括民俗、衣、食、住、行、用等日常生活诸方面)乃至哲学、美学思想上均表现出了前所未有的新景观。从一个角度讲, 它体现了原来彼此毫无共同之处并且相互排斥的文人士大夫的审美情趣和市民阶层的审美趣味, 向着各自的对立方面的杰出之处重新选择、过渡,也就是市民阶层的艺术性与技巧水平日益提高, 逐步形成了一定的艺术指导思想和趣味指向,并从文人士大夫那里借鉴了某些艺术形式;另一方面,文人士大夫要求思想解放,打破理学的一统天下,突出真情实感,从空中楼阁回到现实世界, 于是他们的诗文书画中原本具有的文人士大夫的审美情趣则由思辩、文雅,展示人的精神世界,抒 Summarizing the characteristics of Ming people aesthetic fashion, can be described as: the liberation of ideas, broaden their horizons, artistic harmony and interesting harvest. Specifically, the aesthetic style of the Ming dynasty has never been seen before in philosophy, aesthetics and aesthetics in the fields of literature, arts, crafts, and culture (in the narrow sense, including aspects of daily life such as folk customs, clothing, food, housing, New landscape. From one perspective, it reflects the aesthetic taste of the literati and physician who originally had no commonalities with one another and the aesthetic taste of the citizen class, and to re-select and transition to the opposite aspects of their respective opposites, that is, Artistry and skill level are increasing day by day, some artistic guiding ideology and interesting points are gradually formed, and some art forms are borrowed from literati and priests; on the other hand, literati and physician require liberation of thought, break the unification of Neo-Confucianism, , From the sky back to the real world, so their poetic calligraphy and painting in the original literati doctor’s aesthetic taste by the debate, elegant, show the human spirit world, express