詹姆斯·乔伊斯被认为是一位流亡作家,撰写了许多有关流亡的作品。《死者》是乔伊斯的第一首流亡之歌,其主人公加布里埃尔在遭遇来自三位不同的爱尔兰女性的挫折时,他的意识经历了三次变化。本文通过分析加布里埃尔意识的三次变化旨在揭示乔伊斯流亡意识在《死者》中萌生,以期加深对其自我流亡的理解。 James Joyce is considered an exile writer, writing many works about exile. The Dead is Joyce’s first song of exile, and her hero, Gabriel, experiences three changes in his consciousness when he encounters setbacks from three different Irish women. By analyzing the three changes of Gabriel’s consciousness, this article aims to reveal Joyce’s sense of exile in the “dead” in order to deepen his understanding of his self-exile.