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能源外交是战后国际关系中的新生事物和重要内容,石油在其中扮演了关键角色。战后全球能源外交出现了两次活跃期,第一次是在上世纪70年代初石油危机后,第二次是在2001年“9·11”恐怖事件之后。后者在性质和内容等方面都有了较大变化,能源外交的政治涵义更加突出,在各国国家安全战略中的地位也不断上升。除美、日、中东产油国等传统能源外交活跃国家外,俄罗斯、中国和印度开始成为该领域的新主角。全球能源竞争发展态势将对国际关系和地缘政治产生深远影响。
Energy diplomacy is a new and important part of the postwar international relations in which oil plays a key role. The post-war global energy diplomacy has two active periods, the first being after the oil crisis in the early 1970s and the second after the September 11, 2001 terrorist incident. The latter has made great changes in both nature and content. The political connotation of energy diplomacy has become more prominent and its position in the national security strategies of various countries has also been on the rise. Apart from the traditional energy diplomatic active countries such as the United States, Japan and the Middle East oil producing countries, Russia, China and India have become the new protagonists in this field. The global trend of energy competition will have a profound impact on international relations and geopolitics.