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对于多数耐热钢和几乎不含Al、Ti的一部分耐热合金而言,可以采用与不锈钢相同的电炉熔炼—AOD精炼工艺。含Al、Ti等活性元素较多的耐热合金的一次熔炼,广泛使用真空感应熔炼(VIM)。对于涡轮转子和气轮机叶片等高温下转动用旋转体,由于使用环境恶劣,要求用高度可靠性的材料进行制造。这种情况下,需要组合使用真空电弧重熔(VAR)、电渣重熔(ESR)等二次熔炼工艺进行制造。
For most heat-resisting steel and a part of heat-resisting alloy containing almost no Al and Ti, the same EAF smelting-AOD refining process as stainless steel can be used. Containing Al, Ti and other active elements more heat-resistant alloys of a melting, the widespread use of vacuum induction melting (VIM). Rotating bodies at high temperatures, such as turbine rotors and turbine blades, are required to be made of highly reliable materials because of their harsh environment. In this case, it is necessary to fabricate by a combination of secondary melting processes such as vacuum arc remelting (VAR) and electroslag remelting (ESR).