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通过不同灌水时期、次数和土壤管理措施的试验,使97.14％的2年生苹果树在露地安全越冬。其主要措施是:减少灌水次数,适当拖后春灌,使新梢生长期提早和增加早期生长速率,8月下旬左右,使土壤含水量降到11％左右(本试验中约占田间持水量50％),促使新梢早停止生长,进入越冬准备,达到枝条充实健壮;增加伏天和秋季的土壤耕翻,促进根系生长,造成有利于越冬的植株状态;同时提早冬灌,灌后耕翻,改善土壤热量状况,使土壤冻结晚,冻土浅,融冻早,为幼树露地安全越冬创造了有利的土壤环境条件。
97.14% of 2-year-old apple trees were wintering safely in the open field through experiments of different irrigation periods, times and soil management measures. The main measures are: to reduce the number of irrigation, the appropriate delay after the spring irrigation, so that the early shoot growth stage and increase the early growth rate, about late August, so that the soil moisture reduced to about 11% (in this experiment about field capacity of 50 %), To promote early shoots to stop the growth, into the winter preparation, to full and robust branches; increase V days and autumn soil tillage, and promote root growth, resulting in conducive winter conditions of the plant; at the same time early winter irrigation, irrigation tillage, improve Soil heat conditions make the soil freeze late, shallow permafrost, thaw early, for the saplings open safe winter to create a favorable soil environmental conditions.