鼻粘膜是局部粘膜免疫系统的重要组成部分。其内发现的免疫活性成份,在上呼吸道粘膜防御机理方面起着重要的作用。有效的上呼吸道免疫屏障的建立,主要依赖于非特异性防御体系和特异性免疫应答之间的密切配合,而特异性免疫应答则需要多种免疫球蛋白和免疫活性细胞的参与。(一)非特异性防御屏障鼻粘膜的非免疫性 Nasal mucosa is an important part of the local mucosal immune system. The immunologically active ingredients found therein play an important role in the mucosal defense mechanisms of the upper respiratory tract. The establishment of an effective upper respiratory immune barrier mainly depends on the close cooperation between the non-specific defense system and the specific immune response, which requires the participation of multiple immunoglobulins and immunocompetent cells. (A) non-specific defense barrier Non-immune nasal mucosa