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本文对布兰森的著作《一个标准的世界》做了概述，重点介绍了他通过社会学方法建立的标准观，包括指令、标准、准则的基本概念以及它们之间的关系，针对标准化、市场、组织机构作为三种社会体制元素的讨论，以及本文作者根据布兰森的观点归纳出的指令、标准、准则关系模型，并在此基础之上初步探讨社会发展过程中的创新、规则以及体制之间的关系。作者认为布兰森的标准观从市场化的观点来看是站得住脚的，但是与我国标准化界的主流观点并不完全吻合，希望通过本文引起国内的讨论。,This paper has a brief overview on the book,A World of Standards, by Nils Brunsson, and mainly introduces Nils Brunsson’s view on standards with an approach of sociology, including the basic concepts of directives, standards and norms, as well as the relationship, and his discussions regarding standardization, market, organization as three institutional elements of society. This essay raises a model of relations of directives, standards and norms based on the view of Brunsson, and makes a brief discussion about relations of innovation, rules and institutions in society development. From the marketization point of view, the standards view of Brunsson is tenable, but incompletely identical with the mainstream view of the standardization community in China. By this article, the author hopes to generate discussions in academia and standardization community of China.