采用倾斜底涂法将单分散的聚苯乙烯胶体微球自组装生长成为胶体晶体,并用扫描电子显微镜和紫外-可见光分光光度计对其形貌和光学特性进行测量。结果表明,聚苯乙烯微球自组装为面心立方密堆积结构,胶体晶体的光子带隙位于可见光波段。分别对不同胶体颗粒的粒径、悬浮液的浓度、基片倾斜角度及环境温度等制备条件下生成的聚苯乙烯光子晶体样品逐一分类对比,分析了影响光子带隙宽度和深度的因素。 The monodisperse polystyrene colloidal microspheres were self-assembled and grown into colloidal crystals by the tilting primer method. The morphology and optical properties of the microspheres were measured by scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The results show that the polystyrene microspheres self-assembled into a face-centered cubic packing structure, colloidal crystal photonic bandgap in the visible band. Polystyrene photonic crystal samples prepared under the conditions of different colloidal particle size, suspension concentration, substrate tilt angle and ambient temperature were categorized one by one to analyze the factors affecting the photonic band gap width and depth.