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目的：探讨风心病与HLA－DR、DQ抗原的相关关系。方法：采用微量淋巴细胞毒试验方法──Terasaki标准方法，对35例无血缘关系的广东汉族人风心病患者的外周血B淋巴细胞进行HLA－DR、DQ抗原分型检测。结果：风心病患者DR4抗原频率增高，为57．1％，DR2抗原频率降低，为2．9％，与正常对照组比较均有统计学意义（P＜0．05），而DQ抗原频率与正常对照组比较均无统计学差异。疾病关联分析结果表明，HLA-DR4抗原的异常表达与本病发病有关，其相对危险率为17．72，病因分数为0．539，DR2抗原不表达也是本病易发的另一因素，其预防分数为0．148。结论：遗传因素在风心病的发病中起了一定的作用、风心病的发病与HLA－DR抗原异常分布有关，而可能与DQ抗原无关联。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between rheumatic heart disease and HLA-DR and DQ antigens. Methods: HLA-DR and DQ antigen typing was performed on peripheral blood B lymphocytes from 35 unrelated patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Guangdong Han ethnicity by the method of trace lymphocytotoxicity - Terasaki standard method. Results: The frequency of DR4 antigen in rheumatic heart disease patients was 57.1%, the frequency of DR2 antigen was 2.9%, which was significantly lower than that in normal controls (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in normal control group. Disease-related analysis showed that the abnormal expression of HLA-DR4 antigen associated with the pathogenesis of this disease, the relative risk was 17.72, the etiological factor was 0.539, DR2 antigen is not the expression of another disease prone to this disease, the Prevention score was 0.148. Conclusion: Genetic factors play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease. The incidence of rheumatic heart disease is related to the abnormal distribution of HLA-DR antigen, but may not be associated with DQ antigen.