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科学始于问题,科学教育的最终目的是使学习者自觉而能动地解决所面临的各种问题,问题不仅是科学研究的逻辑期待能,而且也正是“问题”不断推动着科学研究“进程”。因此,可以说问题是科学研究的真正灵魂。当代英国著名科学哲学家卡尔·波普尔曾经强调指出:“科学和知识的增长永远始于问题,终于问题—愈来愈深深化的问题,愈来愈能启发新问题的问题”。鉴于此,如何提高学生的问题意识是实施问题式教学首先要考虑的重要课题,因为学生具有较强的问题意识是实施问题式教学的基础。
Science begins with the problem. The ultimate goal of science education is to enable learners to consciously and actively solve various problems they face. The problem is not only the logical expectation of scientific research, but also the impending problem of scientific research “process”. Therefore, it can be said that the problem is the true soul of scientific research. Karl Popper, a famous contemporary British philosopher of science, once emphasized: “The growth of science and knowledge will always start with the problem, the final problem, the deepening problem, and the problem that will inspire new problems more and more.” In view of this, how to improve students’ problem awareness is an important issue that should be considered first in problem-based teaching because students have strong problem awareness is the basis for the implementation of problem-based teaching.