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【目的】分析单篇学术论文对影响因子的贡献率,为相关研究者提供一个新的视角理解影响因子。【方法】以Nature作为数据样本,采用文献计量法建立单篇论文的影响因子贡献率和绝对标准距离的测度指标,并利用回归分析研究其分布特征。【结果】结果表明,25%左右的论文对Nature影响因子的贡献程度达到了60%以上,单篇论文与影响因子的绝对标准距离符合指数分布,且多数论文位于基准线以下。【结论】学术期刊中的大多数论文与影响因子绝对标准距离较远,并对期刊影响因子做出负贡献。
【Objective】 To analyze the contribution rate of single academic papers to impact factors and provide a new perspective for researchers to understand the impact factors. 【Method】 Using Nature as the data sample, the paper used the metric method to establish the measurement index of the contribution rate and the absolute standard distance of the influencing factor of individual papers, and studied the distribution characteristics by using regression analysis. 【Result】 The results showed that about 25% of the papers contribute more than 60% to Nature’s influence factor, and the absolute standard distances of single papers and influencing factors fit the exponential distribution, and most of the papers are below the baseline. 【Conclusion】 Most papers in academic journals are far away from the absolute standard of impact factor and make a negative contribution to the impact factor of journals.