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目的:探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的危险因素,为今后的临床诊疗工作提供参考。方法:以阳江市人民医院于2015年6月至2016年6月收治的288例AMI患者的临床资料,通过病史资料分析探讨年龄、性别、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、血脂以及体质量等因素与AMI发生之间的相关性。结果:(1)本组288例患者中,男性210例,女性78例,男性明显高于女性,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);50岁以上患者245例,发病率85.07%。(2)其中血脂异常130例、合并高血压112例、吸烟103例、合并糖尿病71例、超重或肥胖44例;以上因素均为AMI发病的主要危险因素。(3)288例AMI患者中有254例(88.19%)患者行冠脉造影证实存在相关冠脉闭塞改变;其中53.54%的患者为三支病变或合并主干病变,单支病变及双支病变者分别为23.62%、22.84%。结论:AMI的危险因素复杂,其中血脂异常、合并高血压、吸烟等最为主要,应提醒AMI患者注意控制上述相关危险因素,预防并控制AMI的发生。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and provide references for future clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The clinical data of 288 AMI patients admitted from June 2015 to June 2016 in Yangjiang People’s Hospital were analyzed. The data of age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, blood lipid, body weight and other factors Correlation between AMI occurrences. Results: (1) There were 210 males and 78 females in this group of 288 patients, which were significantly higher in males than in females (P <0.01). There were 245 cases over 50 years old with the incidence of 85.07%. (2) There were 130 cases of dyslipidemia, 112 cases of hypertension, 103 cases of smoking, 71 cases of diabetes mellitus, 44 cases of overweight or obesity. These factors were the main risk factors of AMI. (3) Among the 288 AMI patients, 254 (88.19%) patients underwent coronary angiography with coronary artery occlusion. Among them, 53.54% of the patients had three or multiple trunk lesions, single vessel disease and double vessel disease Respectively 23.62%, 22.84%. Conclusions: The risk factors of AMI are complex. Among them, dyslipidemia, hypertension and smoking are the most important. Patients with AMI should be reminded to control these related risk factors and to prevent and control the occurrence of AMI.