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采用样方调查方法,对河北辽河源自然保护区油松(Pinus tabuliformis)天然次生林的物种组成、群落结构及物种多样性进行研究,结果表明:研究样地内共有维管束植物42科、92属、146种。4个龄组群落垂直结构明显,乔木层、灌木层、草本层的优势种分别为油松、土庄绣线菊(Spiraea pubescens)+蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)、薹草(Carex tristachya)。4个龄组的丰富度指数和多样性指数均为草本层>灌木层,幼龄林均匀度指数表现为灌木层>草本层,其他龄组的均匀度指数为草本层>灌木层。林下物种多样性表现为:灌木层的物种丰富度指数、Shannon多样性指数均为幼龄林>成熟林>中龄林>近熟林,Simpson多样性指数为成熟林>幼龄林>中龄林>近熟林,而均匀度指数为近熟林>中龄林>成熟林>幼龄林;草本层的物种丰富度指数为幼龄林>近熟林>成熟林>中龄林,Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和均匀度指数均为近熟林>成熟林>中龄林>幼龄林。
The species composition, community structure and species diversity of Pinus tabuliformis natural secondary forest in Liaoheyuan nature reserve of Hebei were studied using quadrat investigation method. The results showed that there were 42 families, 92 genera, 146 species. The vertical structure of 4-age groups was obvious. The dominant species of tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer were Pinus tabulaeformis, Spiraea pubescens + Quercus mongolica and Carex tristachya respectively. In the four age groups, the index of richness and diversity index were both herb layer> shrub layer. The evenness index of young forest showed shrub layer> herb layer. The evenness index of other age groups was herb layer> shrub layer. The species diversity of understory understory was as follows: Species richness index and Shannon’s diversity index of shrub layer were young forest> mature forest> middle-aged forest> near-mature forest, and Simpson diversity index was mature forest> young forest> While the evenness index was near-mature forest> middle-aged forest> mature forest> young forest; the species richness index of herb layer was young forest> near-mature forest> mature forest> middle- Shannon’s diversity index, Simpson’s diversity index and evenness index were near-mature forest> mature forest> middle-aged forest> young forest.