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弁言明清时期,相当于今天省一级的考试称为“乡试”。按制,凡某科文、武“乡试”结束后,要编制、上报两种材料:一为《题名录》(明清以前也称《登科录》),较为概略。主要载明该科之考官、考题、中式者名次等。一为《乡试录》。《乡试录》除了比《题名录》呈报的内容更丰富以外,也有褒扬科名、示范后学的宣传和实用作用。明嘉靖元年(1522年)云南乡试副主考周忠论其体例和功能曰:“夫科举必有《录》,《录》必有序。《录》之式:载官使以昭事;载名氏以昭贤;载文章以昭用。《序》之式:申劝戒以昭义;列抚臣、藩臬以昭类;列守臣以昭备。总之,皆为贵士也。”~①检读明清两朝《乡试录》,其基本结构
弁 弁 Ming and Qing Dynasties, equivalent to today’s provincial level test called “countryside test ”. According to the system, where a certain text, Wu “township test ” after the end, we must compile and report two materials: one for the “title list” (also known as “Deng Branch recorded before the Ming and Qing Dynasties”), more general. The main sections of the examiner, exam, Chinese ranking and so on. One for the “township test record.” In addition to being more informative than the title list, the “Township Test Record” also has the function of publicizing and practicing the honorifics and demonstrations of postgraduate studies. In the first year of Jiajing reign (1522), Zhou Zhong, deputy chief examiner of Yunnan provincial exams, said: “ ; In the name of Zhaoxian; contained articles to show. ”Preface“ of the style: Advocacy ring to Zhao Yi; column Fu Chen, Fan Yi Zhao class; column Shoushen to show preparation. In short, all are expensive Also. ”~ ① Read the“ township test record ”of the Ming and Qing dynasties, its basic structure