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目的分析山东省自1995年开始实施儿童风疹疫苗免疫后风疹发病年龄的变化趋势。方法对1999-2004年通过麻疹疫情专报系统得到的风疹疫情资料以及风疹疫苗接种情况进行分析。结果1999-2004年山东省风疹年平均报告发病率为0.59/10万,多为暴发(占总病例数的81.17%);发病主要集中在7～15岁学龄儿童(77.77%),7岁以下发病较少(占7.93%),发病年龄中位数分别为10.37岁、11.66岁、11.41岁、12.81岁、14 28岁和13.96岁,发病高峰年龄逐年后移,成人发病有所增加;学龄前儿童风疹疫苗基础免疫估算接种率约为60%,学龄儿童约为20%。结论风疹发病年龄后移,将威胁育龄期妇女,增加发生先天性风疹综合征的危险性;应在继续做好儿童风疹免疫的同时,积极开展育龄期妇女风疹抗体筛查及疫苗接种工作。
Objective To analyze the changing trend of the age of onset of rubella in children immunized with rubella vaccine in Shandong Province since 1995. Methods The epidemiological data of rubella epidemic from 1999 to 2004 and the vaccination situation of rubella were analyzed. Results The average annual incidence of rubella in Shandong Province in 1999-2004 was 0.59 / 100 000, most of which were outbreaks (81.17% of the total cases). The incidence was mainly in school-aged children aged 7-15 years (77.77%), The incidence was less (7.93%), the median age of onset was 10.37 years, 11.66 years, 11.41 years, 12.81 years, 1428 years and 13.96 years, the peak incidence year after year shift, adult onset increased; preschool age Children rubella vaccine based immunization estimated vaccination rate of about 60%, about 20% of school-age children. Conclusions The age of onset of rubella is backward, which will threaten the women of childbearing age and increase the risk of congenital rubella syndrome. At the same time, the rubella antibody screening and vaccination of women of childbearing age should be actively carried out.