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回顾转子锻件的制造,使我们能够清楚地认识到转子在完喜和可靠性方面的进步是紧密地与生产工艺的改革和发展相关联的。例如,引入真空浇铸,使与碱性电炉配套,对钢锭内部完好性和纯净度的改善是有深远意义;同时在调质时使用水淬也导致了转子轴韧性的提高。近几十年里对于转子的生产工艺尽管已经有了不少革新,但必须强调指出:NiCrMoV钢在强度和韧性上有很好的综合性能,作为汽轮机低压转子材料,这种钢的发展是划时代的。为了更广泛的用作大型工件,非常有必要解决这种材料的回火脆性问题和在钢锭内的偏析。通过再三鉴定和真空碳脱氧的进一步发展以及在可靠性测定方法方面的进步,已经解决了这些问题。根据这个基本情况,NiCrMoV钢已经成功地被用作整体四极发电机转子锻件,呈现了良好的强度与韧性的综合性能。这个成果,在1973年的樱桃山(Cherry-Hill)会议上和1975年的巴黎会议上,我们已分别发表出来。由此可以指出这样一个事实,即我们能够制造具有特厚截面的一类大型锻件,这种锻件可以用作汽轮机整体低压转子,而将来有可能用作大容量发电机转子。本文作了历史的回顾,展望了包括由570t钢锭制造整体锻件可能性在内的前景。
Reviewing the manufacture of the rotor forgings has enabled us to clearly recognize that advances in rotor integrity and reliability are closely linked to the reform and development of the production process. For example, the introduction of vacuum casting, so that supporting the basic electric furnace, ingot ingot integrity and purity improvement is of far-reaching significance; the same time, quenching water quenching also led to rotor shaft toughness. In recent decades, although the rotor production process has been a lot of innovation, but must be emphasized that: NiCrMoV steel in the strength and toughness have a good overall performance, as the turbine low-pressure rotor material, the development of this steel is a landmark of. In order to be more widely used as a large work piece, it is necessary to solve the problem of temper embrittlement of the material and the segregation in the ingot. These problems have been solved by further identification and further development of vacuum carbon deoxidation, as well as advances in reliability determination methods. Based on this basic situation, NiCrMoV steel has been successfully used as a whole quadrupole rotor forgings, showing a combination of good strength and toughness. This result has been published separately at the Cherry-Hill meeting in 1973 and the Paris meeting in 1975. From this we can point out the fact that we are able to produce a large forging with a very thick cross-section, which can be used as an integral low-pressure steam turbine rotor and possibly as a large-capacity generator rotor in the future. This article makes a historical review and looks into the future, including the possibility of making whole forgings from 570t ingots.