爱默生是美国超验主义思想的奠基人,被视为美国自然文学之先驱。梭罗的思想受爱默生的启迪,也具有明显的超验主义色彩,但他的作品中蕴涵着更丰富的生态智慧,因此梭罗被称为“美国环境保护主义之先驱”。分析对比二人的自然思想之异同,有助于我们更深刻地审视人与自然的关系。 Emerson, the founder of American transcendentalism, is regarded as a pioneer of American natural literature. Thoreau’s thought was inspired by Emerson and also had a clear transcendentalism. However, his work contains richer ecological wisdom. Therefore, Thoreau is known as the “pioneer of environmental protectionism in the United States.” Analyzing and comparing the similarities and differences between the two natural thoughts helps us to examine the relationship between man and nature more deeply.