Human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells(h WJ-MSCs)have excellent proliferative ability,differentiation ability,low immunogenicity,and can be easily obtained.However,there are few studies on their application in the treatment of ischemic stroke,therefore their therapeutic effect requires further verification.In this study,h WJ-MSCs were transplanted into an ischemic stroke rat model via the tail vein 48 hours after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.After 4 weeks,neurological functions of the rats implanted with h WJ-MSCs were significantly recovered.Furthermore,many h WJ-MSCs homed to the ischemic frontal cortex whereby they differentiated into neuron-like cells at this region.These results confirm that h WJ-MSCs transplanted into the ischemic stroke rat can differentiate into neuron-like cells to improve rat neurological function and behavior. Human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h WJ-MSCs) have excellent proliferative ability, differentiation ability, low immunogenicity, and can be easily obtained. However there are few studies on their application in the treatment of ischemic stroke, therefore their therapeutic effect requires further verification.In this study, h WJ-MSCs were transplanted into an ischemic stroke rat model via the tail vein for 48 hours after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. After 4 weeks, neurological functions of the rats implanted with h WJ-MSCs were significantly recovered.Furthermore, many h WJ-MSCs homed to the ischemic frontal cortex caused them differentiated into neuron-like cells at this region.These results confirm that h WJ-MSCs transplanted into the ischemic stroke rat can differentiate into neuron-like cells to improve rat neurological function and behavior.