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为获得半胶结中低强度围岩条件下巨厚浅埋煤层开采导水裂缝带高度及发育特征,以榆神矿区金鸡滩煤矿101工作面与转龙湾煤矿23103工作面为例,分别采用地面钻孔探测(岩芯工程地质编录、冲洗液漏失量观测及钻孔电视系统)与井下探测(钻孔双端封堵测漏法)对采空区上覆岩层导水裂缝带高度及形态进行了现场探查,采用相似材料模拟和数值模拟对不同开采煤层厚度的导水裂缝带演化规律及发育高度进行了研究。根据现场实测和模拟结果,结合其他相似条件的矿井实测数据,对导水裂缝带发育高度与煤层采厚的关系进行了拟合分析。研究表明:大跨度工作面导水裂缝带发育高度与煤层采厚为二项式关系,随采厚增加,导水裂缝带高度增大,但增大趋势变缓;导水裂缝带发育形态为平顶拱形,在工作面推进距离与工作面斜长近于相等时,“裂隙拱”在垂向上不再扩展,此时导水裂缝带高度达到最大。
In order to obtain the height and development characteristics of water-conducting fractured zone in the mining of huge thick and shallow coal seams under the conditions of semi-cementation and low-intensity surrounding rock, taking the face 101 of Jinjitan Coal Mine and the 23103 face of Zhuanglongwan Coal Mine in Yushen Mining Area as an example, Hole Detection (Core Engineering Geological Catalog, Flushing Fluid Loss Observation and Drilling Television System) and Downhole Detection (Drilling Double-ended Plugging Leakage Test Method) Field investigation of the height and shape of the aqueduct of overlying strata in the goaf , Similar materials simulation and numerical simulation were used to study the evolution and height of water-conducting fractured zone with different thickness of coal seam. According to the field measurements and simulation results, combined with other measured data of similar conditions, the relationship between the development height of the water-carrying fracture zone and coal mining thickness was analyzed. The results show that the development height of the aqueduct with long-span working face is a binominal relationship with the thickness of coal seam. With the increase of mining thickness, the height of the aqueduct has increased, but the increasing trend becomes slower. Flat arch, the advancing distance in the face when the working face is nearly equal to the length of the slope, “fissure arch ” in the vertical direction no longer expand, this time the height of the water-carrying fracture reaches the maximum.