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本文针对四川山区的特点,分析了表层介质的滤波特性、地面—检波器的耦合关系、地形和地下地层倾角及观测排列位置等因素对地震波接收的影响,指出选择和改善检波器的埋置条件是改进检波器和地面耦合关系的关键。文中具体指出什么样的条件下埋置检波器的效果是好或坏,并总结出一套较为可行的改善埋置条件的方法。在讨论观测系统的设计问题时,指出要尽量缩小一个CDP道集内反射点的离散,建议采用中间放炮观测系统,缩短最大炮检距。目前在四川采用的观测系统类型较多,也必须因地制宜采用,同时要使一条测线上的偏移距不要变化太大,尽量使炮井井位分布均匀。
In this paper, according to the characteristics of mountainous area in Sichuan, this paper analyzes the filtering characteristics of surface media, the coupling relation of surface-geophone, the dip of terrain and subsurface strata and the location of observation arrangement on seismic wave receiving. Is the key to improving the coupling between the geophone and the ground. In this paper, it is pointed out that under what kind of conditions, the effect of embedding geophones is good or bad, and a set of feasible methods to improve buried conditions is summarized. In discussing the design problems of observing systems, it was pointed out that the dispersion of reflection points within a CDP gathers should be minimized. It is recommended to use an intermediate blasting observation system to shorten the maximum offset. At present, there are many types of observation systems in Sichuan and they must also be adapted to local conditions. At the same time, the offset on one survey line should not be changed too much, and the distribution of well positions should be as uniform as possible.