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自从泰勒(T.I.Taylor)和尤里(H.C.Urey)[1]首次用泡沸石交换柱分离锂同位素以来,在用离子交换色层法分离同位素方面已进行过不少工作。在某些情况下,曾得到了满意的结果[2-4]。虽然化学交换法的分离效果随着元素质量数的增加而迅速减小,但是,对于铀这个重要的核燃料元素,很早就开始了用离子交换色层法浓缩铀—235的实验[5,]。尽管前期的工作没有得到满意的结果,且此法用于浓缩铀同位素的实用可能性如何也有争论,但是国外仍在继续研究,有些人还持乐观态度。显然,如果能将天然铀中铀—235的含量从0.72%提高到1—2%,就有了很大的实际意义,就是一项很大的成就。
Since the separation of lithium isotopes by zeolite exchange columns by T.I. Taylor and H.C.Urey [1] for the first time, much has been done in the separation of isotopes by ion exchange chromatography. In some cases, satisfactory results have been obtained [2-4]. Although the separation effect of the chemical exchange method rapidly decreases with the increase of element mass, experiments on the enrichment of uranium-235 by ion exchange chromatography have long been initiated for the important nuclear fuel element of uranium [5] . Although preliminary work has not been satisfactorily successful and there is debate as to the practical utility of this method for the enrichment of uranium isotopes, studies abroad continue and some remain optimistic. Obviously, it is a great achievement that if we can increase the content of uranium-235 in natural uranium from 0.72% to 1-2%, it is of great practical significance.